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The oropharynx and nasopharynx are both parts of the pharynx, located at the back of the throat, but they differ in location and function. Here's a breakdown:
Oropharynx (Middle Pharynx):
• Location: Extends from the base of the tongue to the upper part of the esophagus (food pipe) and the soft palate.
• Function: Passageway for both air and food. Contains the tonsils, which are part of the immune system.
Nasopharynx (Upper Pharynx):
• Location: Lies above the oropharynx, behind the nose and soft palate.
• Function: Primarily an air passageway. Connects the nasal cavity to the back of the throat and the Eustachian tubes (equalize pressure in the middle ear). Contains adenoids (lymphatic tissue) that shrink after childhood.
Cancers of the Oropharynx and Nasopharynx:
• Both oropharynx and nasopharynx can develop cancers, though the types and risk factors differ slightly.
Oropharyngeal Cancer:
• Most commonly caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), particularly strains 16 and 18, associated with sexual activity.
• Other risk factors include tobacco use and heavy alcohol consumption.
• Symptoms might include a sore throat, difficulty swallowing, lump in the neck, and ear pain.
Nasopharyngeal Cancer:
• Risk factors include Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, genetics, and dietary factors (preserved salted fish).
• Symptoms can be subtle in the early stages but might include nasal congestion, bloody discharge from the nose, facial numbness, and hearing problems.
Most often, these tumors are managed using a non-surgical approach through radiation and chemotherapy. In early tumors, surgical resection and reconstruction are feasible. Dr. Kranthi specializes in these conditions, using advanced surgical techniques and tailors’ treatment plans to each patient's needs. Post-surgery, our team provides comprehensive care, including monitoring for any signs of complications and guiding patients through the rehabilitation process.